HISTORY OF TOEFL

HISTORY OF TOEFL

TOEFL stands for Test Of English as a Foreign Language. The TOEFL was introduced in the 1960ies by ETS — Educational Testing Services. Now, almost 800,000 people take the TOEFL exam every year worldwide.You probably know that a growing number of universities and colleges offer courses and academic study programs in English so if you want to enrol in one of them you must have a good command of the English language. This is where the TOEFL comes into play. It is the most widely used academic English proficiency test in the world. Thousands of colleges and universities use the TOEFL to test and evaluate the English language competency of their students and academic personnel.In addition, many government agencies, sponsoring institutions and other authorities require TOEFL scores.

The TOEFL test measures English language proficiency in these three disciplines: reading, listening and writing. In most regions of the world you can take the TOEFL on a computer (CBT: Computer-Based Test) somewhere near your home. In areas with limited access to computer-based testing facilities you can take a paper-and-pencil version of the test.

BACKGROUND TOEFL

Based in Washington, DC, Center for Applied Linguistics (CAL) is a nonprofit organization committed to researching the relationship between language and culture Founded in 1959, the first director was Charles A. 1921-1998 Ferguson, who has been given a similar program in the Middle East and taught as a professor at Harvard University. Ferguson guided the center to develop practical solutions to apply language and literacy concerns of international and national government. One of Ferguson's initial project is to develop tests that will measure the command language that ESL (English-as-a-Second-Language) students and government employees. Ferguson and fellow researchers developed applied linguistics TOEFL test during the first five years, CAL. In 1964, the first official TOEFL test taken at the center. Development Since the late 1960s, the TOEFL test has been administered by the Educational Testing Service (ETS), an organization of international testing standards. This test is used to measure proficiency (proficiency) English speaking person in the academic context. Thus, this test is used for academic purposes, such as admission requirements for admission or scholarship recipients.

TOEFL test was first introduced by the ETS is the Paper Based Test (PBT) - TOEFL and the most commonly known by the Indonesian community is the Institutional Testing Program (ITP) - TOEFL with scale values 310-677. However, in many places, especially in Indonesia manjamur institutions offering TOEFL test-LIKE / EQUIVALENT at reasonable cost, where the problems incurred test is the TOEFL test questions are copied from various sources. Institutions such as these, of course not a formal institution recognized by the ETS, so that certificates issued doubt the validity and credibility, especially to the Foreign Affairs. Therefore, then ETS developed the TOEFL Test system into Computer Based Test (CBT) - TOEFL. Where direct test questions displayed on the computer screen and immediately worked on the computer. Now, ETS has renewed the TOEFL Test with Next Generation (NG) - TOEFL or also called Internet Based Test (iBT) - TOEFL. In contrast to the PBT and CBT - TOEFL, ETS speaking skill enter into NG-TOEFL test format and structure skills meld into all skills tested, namely Reading, Listening, Speaking and Writing. Problems NG-TOEFL test be downloaded directly from ETS, New Jersey, so the way the process any online or connected indirectly with the ETS through the Internet.

Pendapat

Pendapat saya tentang toefl adalah test bahasa Inggris yang diciptakan dan dikembangkan oleh ETS (Educational Testing Service) di New Jersey, Diperkenalkan tahun 1960 oleh ETS - Educational Testing Services. TOEFL juga merupakan standardisasi kemampuan bahasa inggris seseorang secara tertulis (de jure) yang meliputi empat aspek penguasaan : membaca, mendengar, menulis dan berbicara. Toefl juga penting bagi semua orang yang ingin mampelajari lebih dalam tentang bahasa inggris. Test ini digunakan untuk mengukur kecakapan berbahasa Inggris seseorang dalam konteks akademis. Pemahaman terhadap Toefl juga sangat penting guna memasuki dunia kerja ataupun ingin mendaftar di universitas yang menggunakan Toefl. Pemahaman yang memadai tentang Toefl juga membuat link kita semakin luas dan semakin berkembang.